ABSTRACT
Objective@#This study aimed to measure the basal energy expenditure (BEE) of Chinese healthy adults and establish an accurate predictive equation for this population.@*Methods@#In total, 470 Chinese healthy adults had their BEE measured using the Cosmed K4b portable metabolic system. Multiple linear regression analysis was applied to develop new optimal equations for predicting BEE. The bias, accuracy rate, concordance correlation coefficient (CCC), and root mean square error (RMSE) were used to evaluate the accuracy of the predictive equations.@*Results@#There was a significant difference in BEE between males and females, with 5,954 kJ/d and 5,089 kJ/d, respectively. People living in rural areas expended significantly higher BEE (5,885 kJ/d) than those in urban areas (5,279 kJ/d). Previous equations developed by Henry, Schofield, Harris-Benedict (H-B), and Liu overestimated the BEE of Chinese healthy adults. The new equations derived from the present study displayed the smallest average bias and RMSE from the measured basal energy expenditure (mBEE). The CCC of the new equations was higher than other predictive equations, but it was lower than 0.8. There was no significant difference in the accuracy rate among all predictive equations.@*Conclusions@#Sex and regional differences in BEE were observed in Chinese healthy adults. Neither the widely used previous predictive equations nor the one derived in the present study were accurate enough for estimating the BEE of Chinese healthy adults. Further study is required to develop more accurate equations for predicting the BEE of Chinese healthy adults aged between 20-45 years.
Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Young Adult , Basal Metabolism , Calorimetry , Methods , ChinaABSTRACT
ObjectiveTo determine the impact of multinutrient supplements on adult nutrient status in Beijing, China. MethodsIn this randomized, double-blind, and placebo controlled trial, 152 healthy adults with a Recommended Food Score lower than 12 were equally and randomly divided into multinutrient supplement group and placebo group. Plasma and urine nutrient levels including vitamin A, B1, B2, B6, B12, C, folate, α- and γ-tocopherol, and carotenoids were determined before and after 8-week intervention. Acute response on vitamin C,carotenoids and tocopherols status were also determined on day 56. ResultsThree cases (5.7％) were lost to follow-up in placebo group. Compared with the placebo group, α-tocopherol [(18.23 ±0.82) vs.(14.55 ±0.73) μmol/L], β-carotene [(4.28±0.29) vs. (2.38±0.24) μmol/L], vitamin C [(42.65 ±2. 11) vs.(27.49±1.76) μmol/L], B6 [(323.51 ±15.88) vs. (69.43±10.47) nmol/L] and B12 [(1005.27 ±23.00) vs. (796.85±35.57) pmol/L] levels in plasma, B1 [(899.24±70.73) vs. (174.42±13.38)μg/g · Cr]and B2 [(3227.68 ±330.04) vs.(259.10 ±33.33) μg/g · Cr] levels in urine, and folate level in red blood cells [(720.09 ±21.33) vs. (633.17 ±28.75) nmol/L] significantly increased after 8 weeks of intervention (all P=0.0000), while plasma γ-tocopherol level significantly decreased [(2.18 ±0.13) vs. (2.87 ±0.26) μmol/L,P=0.0001]. Significant acute response on vitamin C was also observed in the multinutrient supplement group [(54.53 ±2.43) vs. (23.02 ± 1.77) μmol/L, P =0.0000]. ConclusionThis multinutrient supplement can effectively improve the nutrient status of healthy Chinese adults.